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1. Tax-smart (i.e., tax-sensitive) investing techniques, including tax-loss harvesting, are applied in managing certain taxable accounts on a limited basis, at the discretion of the portfolio manager, primarily with respect to determining when assets in a client's account should be bought or sold. Assets contributed may be sold for a taxable gain or loss at any time. There are no guarantees as to the effectiveness of the tax-smart investing techniques applied in serving to reduce or minimize a client's overall tax liabilities, or as to the tax results that may be generated by a given transaction.

2. $0.00 commission applies to online U.S. equity trades, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and options (+ $0.65 per contract fee) in a Fidelity retail account only for Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC retail clients. Sell orders are subject to an activity assessment fee (from $0.01 to $0.03 per $1,000 of principal). There is an Options Regulatory Fee that applies to both option buy and sell transactions. The fee is subject to change. Other exclusions and conditions may apply. See Fidelity.com/commissions for details. Employee equity compensation transactions and accounts managed by advisors or intermediaries through Fidelity Institutional^® are subject to different commission schedules.

Options trading entails significant risk and is not appropriate for all investors. Certain complex options strategies carry additional risk. Before trading options, please read Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options. Supporting documentation for any claims, if applicable, will be furnished upon request.

3. Fidelity commissioned Corporate Insight to study bond pricing, available online, for self-directed retail investors from three brokers (Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, and Wells Fargo) that offer corporate and municipal bonds for comparison to Fidelity's standard online pricing. The study compared online bond prices for more than 27,000 municipal and corporate inventory matches from January 28 through March 2, 2020. It compared municipal and corporate inventories offered online in varying quantities. The study found that, on average, the three online bond brokers were asking $15.41 more per bond. Corporate Insight determined the average price differential by calculating the difference between the prices of matching corporate and municipal bond inventory at Fidelity, including Fidelity's $1 per bond mark-up for online trades vs. the prices offered online for the same bonds from the three brokers, then averaging the differences of the financial services firms. The analysis included investment grade corporate and municipal bonds only, as the three brokers in the study do not offer non-investment grade bonds for purchase online.

4. Fidelity was named NerdWallet's 2023 winner for Best Online Broker for Beginning Investors, Best Online Broker for IRA Investing and Best App for Investing. Results based on evaluating 17 brokers per category. ©2017-2023 and TM, NerdWallet, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fidelity was named NerdWallet's 2022 winner for Best Online Broker for Beginning Investors, Best Online Broker for IRA Investing and Best App for Investing. Results based on evaluating 16 brokers per category. ©2017-2022 and TM, NerdWallet, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

5. StockBrokers.com 2023 Online Broker Review, January 2023: Fidelity was ranked No. 1 overall out of 17 online brokers evaluated in the StockBrokers.com 2023 Online Broker Review. Brokers were each assessed within eight primary categories: Commissions & Fees, Research, Platforms & Tools, Mobile Trading Apps, Investment Options, Education, Ease of Use, and Overall. Best in Class honors were awarded to the top five brokers in each of the following areas: Active Trading, Banking Services, Beginners, Customer Service, Futures Trading, Investor Community, IRA Accounts, Options Trading and Penny Stock Trading.

6. Investopedia, January 2022: Fidelity was named the #1 Overall Online Broker and Best Broker for Low Costs among 23 brokers reviewed. Investopedia, February 2023: Fidelity was named Best Overall online broker, Best Broker for ETFs, and Best Broker for Low Costs, among 25 companies.

7. Investor's Business Daily ®, January 2022: Best Online Brokers Special Report. Fidelity was named Best Overall Online Broker, and also first in Trade Execution Speed, Website Security, Site Performance, Research Tools, and Investment Research. Results based on having the highest Customer Experience Index within the categories composing the survey, as scored by 5,000 respondents. The survey was conducted by Investor's Business Daily's polling partner, TechnoMetrica Market Intelligence. © Investor's Business Daily, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Kiplinger's magazine, August 2021 Online Broker Survey. Fidelity was ranked No. 1 overall out of nine online brokers. Results based on ratings in the following categories: Commissions and fees, Investment choices, Mobile app, Tools, Research, Advisory services and Customer service. Also named Best for Investment choices, Tools and Advisory services in the 2021 survey. From Kiplinger's Personal Finance. © 2021 The Kiplinger Washington Editors. All rights reserved. Used under license.

9. Investor's Business Daily® (IBD), September 2023: Fidelity is the #1 Most Trusted Wealth Management Company. The study was conducted in two phases, with data collected via online surveys in May, June and July 2023. In phase 1 507 respondents ranked 12 trust attributes to identify the trust characteristics that are most important to consumers. Using the attributes in phase 1, 7,597 survey respondents in phase 2 were asked to score companies on 7 different criteria, weighted in descending order: financially sound/secure, quality of products and services, commitment to protecting the privacy and security of personal data, ethical business practices and values, customer service and treatment of customers, fair pricing and fees, and sensitivity to customer needs in the current economic and financial climate with the overall score based on the composite scores for each criteria. To be included in the ranking for the wealth management category required at least 125 respondents. IBD's ranking of Fidelity as the #1 Most Trusted Wealth Management Company should not be construed as representing any client’s experience with, or endorsement of, Fidelity or its wealth management services. Third-party rankings or past performance are not indicative of future performance. The third-party trademarks appearing herein are the property of their respective owners.

Fidelity Go® and Fidelity® Wealth Services are advisory services offered by Fidelity Personal and Workplace Advisors LLC (FPWA), a registered investment adviser, for a fee. Brokerage services provided by Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC (FBS), and custodial and related services provided by National Financial Services LLC (NFS), each a member NYSE and SIPC. FPWA, FBS and NFS are Fidelity Investments companies.

Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC, Member NYSE, SIPC, 900 Salem Street, Smithfield, RI 02917

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